KapYong Battle April 1951 The Korean War Term Paper

KapYong Battle April 1951 The Korean War - Term Paper Example The battalion was not the regular army of Canada but it was sent by the Canada at relatively time of peace and its main intention was to perform the garrison duty. However, the Stone used his wartime expertise and provided training to his men and enabled them to contribute against the renewed Chinese offensive force. The Canadian battalion was then attached to the 27th British Commonwealth Infantry Brigade during which it remained engaged in different battles and skirmishes. These fights added to their confidence and they learnt to fight on the harsh and hilly terrain of Korea. They became part of the UN force and marched north in order to fight the Chinese force and North Koreans in order to remove from the South Korea. Though the Chinese were considerably greater in number as compared with the battalion but the Canadian battalion consisted of volunteers resisted and fought with them will their full potential and didn’t allowed the Chinese force to attain their war objective by overcoming the Canadian battalion. The training provided by Jim Stone and effective communication and coordination between the members of the battalion and their leaders resulted in their success in the battle. The following essay aims to examine the contribution of battalion in the war that did not had proper training and war equipment to fight against the Chinese force in the Kap’Yong battle but they succeeded to defeat the huge Chinese army. The basic objective of the essay is to examine the effectiveness of the decision of Canada not to use its regular army but to deploy the volunteers that proved to be the most effective and efficient war force sent by Canada throughout the Korean War. The battalion was equipped with some excellent attributes that allowed them to succeed against Canada. They overcame and adopted the circumstance of war and show dedicated commitment to their leader. The essay describes the initial strategies and war tactic employed by the Lieutenant Co lonel Jim Stone who struggled very hard and efficiently to accomplish his mission of defeating China and not to let it invade the city of Seoul. The decision of Canada to create special battalion for the war was a different but successful step. The battalion comprised of two third volunteers that take some unconventional moves in the war and bravely fights against the Chinese force. It has been unveiled that Canada decision of using volunteer force in the Kap’Yong battle was an important and successful war strategy that allowed the army to hold their position. Kap’Yong Battle – Historical Background The battle of Kap’Yong began on the 22nd of April and lasted till the 25th of April 1951. The Chinese People’s Liberation Army was fighting with the UN forces comprising of the forces sent by Australia, Canada and Britain. The Chinese soldiers were almost five to one UN force but the outnumbered UN force prevailed and Chinese forced had to take backward steps after the Kap’Yong battle. The Chinese were better than the UN force in many ways because they were well equipped with the war weapons and war training. They were also huge in numbers due to which it was expected that the Chinese would be able to successfully overcome the UN force at Kap’Yong but it was due to supportive contribution of the Canadian battalion that these Chinese were failed at this spot and Seoul was protected by the UN forces. The ground for the

Therefore the poet is trying to demonstrate Essay Example for Free

Therefore the poet is trying to demonstrate Essay Hopkins was born in 1844, and died just 45 years later in 1889. He was a deeply intellectual and religious man, and became a Jesuit priest in 1877, the same year of which he wrote Pied Beauty. In the poem, the author expresses his gratitude in God for making all the beautiful things that we now see in this world (assuming that what he saw is not that far off from what we now see of course) and how we should all â€Å"praise him†. Significant poetic devices and their significance (eg: Metaphors, symbols, rhyme scheme, form, imagery, repetition†¦ etc) Structure-based analysis 1) Funny rhyme scheme here. ABCABC DBEDE. Note how every rhyming lines are indented to the same extent. This perhaps portrays the different hierarchies of the world that we see today, whether it is caste, wealth or class. He perhaps is trying to link them all together, and express the feeling that there is room for everyone in the kingdom of God, or God sees all, from the rich to the poor, no matter what your social status. The peculiar rhyme scheme could represent the fact that we often find God a very mysterious entity, one who works in mysterious ways. We cannot fully understand why he often does things so out of convention (ie storms, hurricanes) but they are all part of his plan to make everything work. The break in the rhyme scheme illustrates the fact that God is unpredictable, when you start to understand what he does and how he works, the more he changes and does something completely different. Therefore the poet is trying to demonstrate the fact that we cannot even begin to comprehend the concept of God, and that ‘the only thing we are certain about him is his uncertainty. The last line in the poem â€Å"praise him† is indented differently from the rest of the poem, providing a very powerful message for the conclusion, as if the poet was saying ‘Amen’ at the end of a prayer. 2) Iambic pentameter not used, rather Sprung Rhythm is used. This is a poetic rhythm designed to imitate the rhythm of natural speech. It is constructed from feet in which the first syllable is stressed and may be followed by a variable number of unstressed syllables. In this case, the poet uses this to make his poem sound more genuine; emphasizing the fact that he truly feels this sense of love towards God. The fact that it sounds like natural speech also creates a stronger empathy link with the reader and the poet, thus making it easier for the poet to get his point across.

Scotch whisky research institute

Scotch whisky research institute INDUSTRIAL CASE STUDY REPORT SCOTCH WHISKY RESEARCH INSTITUTE (SWRI) INTRODUCTION The Scotch Whisky Research Institute (SWRI) is a registered company in Scotland which serves the needs of distillery companies in Scotland and also worldwide. It is situated in the Robertson Trust building of Heriot Watt Universitys north research avenue campus at Riccorton, Edinburgh. It is a much focussed research organisation which helps various companies associated with it in Whisky research. It carries out research right from raw material to bottling of whisky, which includes every step in the manufacturing process. It was started by some Scotch whisky companies in 1979 with a common interest to carry out research based on the Scotch whisky. Primarily it was started by Jim Gray, Eric Dewar and Jim Swan. Scotch whisky has its unique reputation worldwide, basically due to its quality and flavour. But there was a lot to know about the manufacturing process, chemical/biological conversions taking place in the process. Whisky companies at that time recognised the need of enough research to be done in this area and also on identifying the flavours of whisky, and this is the reason why they required a common platform and hence established SWRI. It is a charity registered in Scotland which does research only for the benefits of the distillery industries. At SWRI, a wheel named Pentland Wheel was developed which is basically used to describe various flavour and aroma of whisky in a descriptive manner. Today all the Scotch whisky companies protect their unique identity in the market by producing the exact typical flavour which the customer likes. Hence flavour plays an important role for a whisky to sustain the competition in the market. This institutes main aim is to preserve the good wheel of Scotch whisky by developing techniques to identify the originality of whisky to be called as a scotch whisky, thus eliminating the imitating spirit products in the market which may affect the entire Scotch whisky industry. BUSINESS ASPECTS Scotch Whisky Research Institute (SWRI) is a UKAS 1960 accredited laboratory which ensures customers of good quality results. It is basically an RD organisation. It has members from various countries around the world. Some of the companies associated with it are Chivas Brothers (France), Diageo (UK), Glenmorangie (France), Inverhouse (Thailand), Morrison Bowmore (Japan), Whyte Mackey (India), Bean Global (USA), Dranburie (Scotland), Ian Macleod (Scotland), North British Distillers (Scotland), John Dewar sons (Bermuda), Edrington (Scotland), WM Grant Sons (Scotland), etc. It also got knowledge transfer partnerships with universities like Heriot-Watt University, University of Birmingham, University of Nottingham, University of Abertay Dundee and Institutes like The Scotch Whisky Association, Scottish Crop Research Institute (SCRI), Brewing Research International (BRI), The Gin and Vodka Association (GVA), Institute of Brewing and Distilling (IBD), John Innes Centre, Food Standards Agency (FSA) etc. At present it has got around 24 full time employees. They work under four different groups, namely Executive Board, Main board, Research Management Committee and Technical Liasion Group. These divisions in turn accounts for the systematic and organised work in the research institute. SWRI addresses longer term technical issues to ensure distilling sustainability. It has a thoroughly trained sensory panel of 19 members, who are experienced in a range of spirit products. These sensory panel members carry out the sensory analysis of various whisky products. Is has UKAS (ISO-17025) accreditation for key methods used in the analysis and research process. Its research work is carried out in areas like Authenticity analysis, Flavour understanding, Linking Chemical Sensory profiles etc. It concentrates on the quality of the Scotch whisky and tries to make the production process much easier and economical to the manufacturers. Scotch whisky is the largest category of whisky sold in the world. It is sold in over 200 countries worldwide. The top ten countries which exported Scotch whisky from Scotland in 2008 were USA, France, Spain, Singapore, South Korea, Greece, Germany, South Africa, Taiwan, and Venezuela respectively. Also there is great demand for Scotch whisky in countries like India, China various gulf countries. In 2008, 300,475,617 litres of Scotch whisky has been exported. This equates to  £ 3,027,303,874 in value of business. It means that approximately 25% of UK food drink exports is only through scotch whisky. This tells us the demand of the product in the world market. Hence SWRI tries to monitor and save the whole whisky market of Scotland and world too. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ACTIVITIES The research activities carried out by SWRI can be grouped under following categories: RAW MATERIALS Various research activities are carried out on the raw materials used in the whisky making like Barley, Wheat, Cereals, Starch, and Yeast etc. Genetics of all these raw materials are studied and also there is research work going on the action of Endogenous enzymes produced from raw materials during processing. PROCESSING The process of fermentation and distillation are studied in depth at SWRI and the whole whisky making process is made easier by implementing best methods and materials in the process. There is also very much interest about the flavour/Sensory aspects of the whisky and hence regularly the sensory characteristics of different whiskies are studied in detail at SWRI and work is going on to obtain best flavour for whisky. Apart from the above research, various areas like Maturation, Product Protection, Technical Support, Sustainability etc are also studied a lot at SWRI and appropriate research is carried out to protect the originality of Scotch whisky and to improve the whole whisky making process. ANALYTICAL EXPERTISE A range of analytical techniques specific methods are developed for whisky other spirits. Its research work include Authentic analysis Flavour understanding Linking chemical and sensory profiles Research is carried out on the Maturation Warehousing process as well so as to decrease the amount of alcohol loss during maturation in Oak casks. SWRI is also very keen in improving both the Malt and Grain whisky process on the whole by developing perfect methods and materials to get optimum results. Minimum alcoholic strength of the whisky must be 40% and has to be made from, processed and matured for at least 3 years in the Scotland in order to be called it as a Scotch whisky. The pot still design is very important in Grain Malt whisky process because it ultimately affects the final product by contributing to the flavour of the whisky. CONCLUSION Scotch whisky has a very good reputation worldwide for its taste and quality that it offers and hence there is a need to protect its brand image. There is also very much need for the Scotch whisky to sustain in a market where various duplicates to the Scotch whisky are constantly made. There is a need to identify the originality of Scotch whisky, thereby eliminating the duplicate ones. Also attention must be paid to increase the production level and to maintain a low product making selling cost in order to meet the ever growing demand to the Scotch whisky worldwide. Use of the genetically engineered strains of yeast for the fast and enhanced fermentation without altering the metabolic reactions must be considered in future for efficient whisky production. Amount of alcohol lost during maturation in casks must be eliminated by changing the cask design and environmental conditions at storage. Finally I think it is the duty of SWRI and Scottish government to protect the name and fame o f scotch whisky in the world market and also to improve the process technically and economically to sustain in the future global market in which scotch whisky has got some billions of pounds business to make. REFERENCES Scotch Whisky Research Institute [online]. Available from www.swri.co.uk [accessed 05 January 2010] Presentation by James Brosnan (research manager) at SWRI on 21 October 2009.

Private Development and Corporate Funding to Fight Shoreline Erosion Es

Private Development and Corporate Funding to Fight Shoreline Erosion At its simplest, shoreline erosion is the result of the combination of processes, both natural and manmade, by which shoreline and beaches are damaged or lost. For this discussion, wetlands are also included. There is an ongoing debate over the best way by which to preserve beaches, shorelines, and wetlands. Conservation extremists argue that limiting or restricting land use, and restoring damaged property with tax money represents the most prudent answer to shoreline erosion. Included in this position is the inherent role of government intervention to preserve America’s shoreline. There are many problems with the conservation position, and many advantages to the alternate solution --- private development and corporate funding. The most damaging factor to America’s shoreline is that of poorly planned development in environmentally fragile coastal areas that lead to erosion and various forms of pollution. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers estimated in 1971 that 40% of the total shoreline of the lower 48 states was experiencing significant erosion. Wind and wave action associated with high tides are the cause of natural erosion. Damming rivers restricts the flow of eroded rock, which is the source of much sand (Rhinehart, 1997). These factors are best addressed by infusions of venture capital applied with sound business principles and sensitivity for environmental concerns. Sound planning by the private sector is essential. The number of people living within 50 miles of the U.S. coastline rose from 61 million to 130 million between 1940 and 1988. More than 50% of Americans currently live within 50 miles of the shoreline, but the figure is pr... ...ions Must Be Repealed.† www.mcaffre_se@leg.wa.gov (2001). Spencer, H. (2000). â€Å"Seawalls Bring on Raging Debate in Washington State.† www.beachbrowser.com â€Å"Development-Protecting Seawalls Debated.† www.hosey-chehalis river council index.html Rhinehart, J. and J. Pompe (1997). â€Å"Entrepreneurship and Coastal Resource Management.† The Independent Review, vol. 1, No. 4. pp.543-559. Skousen, Mark (1999). â€Å"The Battle for Diamond Head: A Case for Market Failure?† The Freeman. Works Cited â€Å"Coping With Shoreline Erosion in the Caribbean.† http://www.unesco.org/csi/act/cosalc/shore-ero.htm. Online. Available. 23 March 2002. Nepf, Heidi. â€Å"Longshore Drift.† Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. â€Å"Streambank and Shoreline Erosion Management Measure.† http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS/MMGI/Chapter 6/ch6-4.html. Online. Available. 23 March 2002.

The Importance of Mastering English

Assalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Good afternoon. My name is Rismadilla Ulfah. I am a student of faculty of communication. This is my second year at Bachelor and I am currently studying primary education. Ladies and Gentlemen, Before I begin my speech I would like to respect, thank and acknowledge the lord of the world, the only one Allah SWT, to given us such deeply enjoyable, particularly faith and healthy comfort, hence, we could attend here in a good situation. To our beloved prophet Muhammad SAW who has taught us knowledge in the world.He also brought us from darkness to the brightness, from stupidity to cleverness. To our lecture who has given such a great opportunity for me to stand here and let me speak out my speech in front of all friends who attend today. And also the last but no least to all of my beloved friends. Thank you for coming. Ladies and Gentlemen, In this speech I will be talking to you about the necessity and importance of mastering English. As we know, English has become the universal language since many years ago.It is because English has the most vocabulary than any other language. English upgraded about 8. 500 vocabularies per year. Up till now English has been the first or second language to people around the world. Many people realized that English has the main role to people who wants to communicate with others in other country. But unfortunately not all of us realize that we need to communicate with the world. Ladies and Gentlemen, Nowadays Indonesian participate many international events. It is cannot be done if we don’t communicate with the universal language.As a student of communication, me and all of my friends agree that English has to be mastering by people who wants to wider their space of communication. It is because the world has become more modern. Internet has created to connect each other in a different countries to feel as close as it can. Mass media and social networks also help us to find pe ople, make friends or even business partner with someone we don’t know first. But since this world has so many countries in different island with different language, we cannot efuse we need a language that could connect us to the others. If we don’t try to learn English, it is such a waste because as people we need to communicate with others. That is means if we don’t mastering English, it would limit us to stay connected to the world. Ladies and Gentlemen, Speak is all of people’s skill. There’s not a single person that cannot speak in English. Although sometimes grammar and tenses could bother us but I think, as long as your partner of conversation understand what you mean it will be alright.The main point is the message that you like to deliver is delivered clearly. But sometimes people underastimate by learning English indonesian people would not have national spirit. I think it is a shallow reason because respect our Bahasa and learning Englis h is a different occasion. As a good communicator we have to targeting who we want to receive our message to. If we are going to tell people in a same language, using Bahasa is the proper way to say it. But if we want the entire world understanding our message, English indeed the right language that we’d like to use.If we were just using Bahasa, the message definitely couldn’t be delivered well. The noise is in the wrong way of telling the message. Key of communication is language. Nothing you cannot do if you mastering the universal language, English. It will help your educational progress, carrier, or even making friends. Even some people know how to learn it in easy way such us listening to songs, watching movies or any other fun way. That will helps you to liking English even more. Nothing is too late if we try hard. Thank you for all your attention. Wassalamu’alaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh

Mussolinis Rule of Italy essays

Mussolini's Rule of Italy essays Mussolini's Rule of Italy Mussolini ruled Italy between 1923 and 1939. Many important things happened during this time. In 1922, Mussolini organized the march to Rome. 26,000 "blackshirts" marched to Rome and threatened the Italian King Emmanuel II. The King asked Mussolini to form the next government and on October 29, 1922, Mussolini became Prime Minister. In 1923, the Acerbo Laws were formed so that the party with the most votes would recieve two-thirds of the seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Because of this, the Fascists became the largest party in Parliament. When Mussolini wins, he outlaws all other parties. To set the seal on Mussolini's success, the Catholic Church signed the Lateran pact with the Fascist government. For doing this, the church got complete control over education, and the Pope's right to rule over Vatican City. Mussolini got the Pope's acceptance of his way of running Italy. This made the people also accept him. Also in 1923, Mussolini took control over the "22 corporations" so he could skim money off the top of them. These were things such as coal and transportation. In 1927, the OVRA (secret police) were established. They killed people who did not obey Mussolini. To stop Hitler from invading Austria, Italy, Poland, France, and Czechoslovakia came together and formed the Stresa Front. This stopped Hitler for awhile. In 1936, Mussolini invaded Abyssinia because he wanted the oil and wanted to make a new Roman Empire. Abyssinia let Mussolini take over. Next, Rome and Berlin signed a treaty to support each other if there was a war. Also, Mussolini sent troops to the Spanish Civil War. He did this to support other Fascists. ...

6 Reasons Why Your Company Is Not Your Friend

6 Reasons Why Your Company Is Not Your Friend We all want to believe that the company we work for has our best interests in career development at heart. We want the company to be our friend, our rock, our resource. We want trust. But the truth is, when it comes to your company, you are the resource. And the only thing you can really trust is yourself. There are some rare companies out there that truly care about their employees. Yours might be one of them. That doesn’t mean you can let your guard down for any length of time. Loyalty used to be an important thing, but as employee tenure at different jobs has shrunk from long-term to medium-term and even shorter, and as layoffs and cutbacks become more common, you’ll have to look out for yourself.Here are a few reasons to help convince you to remember you are number one.1. Loyalty is a joke.Imagine this scenario: you work late, come early, put in all the extra time and effort- thinking that will be rewarded. Then the wind changes and you’re tossed out on your very loyal rear end. Your employer gets to walk away thinking itself a shrewd and prudent business, and you’re left devastated. You should have kept your eye on the ball.2. HR is likely not there for you.You may think Human Resources are there for you- to help you, protect you. Think again. HR is really a mechanism to handle paperwork and payroll- and sometimes training or morale-building- so managers can concentrate on their own work. And though they are there to try and settle disputes, they will side with the company every time. They’re paid by the higher-ups, remember. Not by you.3. You never know when†¦A layoff or a merger or even just a wholesale staff-culling might be just around the corner. Don’t stop looking for a job just because you found one. Keep your feelers out there. Keep a few opportunities on your back burners at all times. You’ll never know when you might need one.4. They need you more than you need them.This may seem contradictory , but if you keep this mindset, you’ll be able to adapt better when things go awry. If you get stuck in a position and you start feeling desperate- and scared you might not be able to find another job quickly- then start looking to build your confidence and flexibility back up.5. You’re never valued enough.Again, there are outliers here. You might be valued every bit as much as you should be at your current job. But if you aren’t- and you start to feel as though you’ve faded into the wallpaper, or worse, you’ve become a doormat, remember that you should be looking out for you. Find yourself a better opportunity and make a change.6. Opportunity doesn’t knock often.If you’re so loyal that you find yourself passing up opportunities because your boss â€Å"needs† you or your company can’t do without you? Danger sign! Of course they need you. But you are almost always replaceable. And they will remember that when convenient f or them- and most likely inconvenient for you. Make your path your priority instead.Loyalty can cloud your perception of how things are going in your department. Don’t let it. Keep your eyes open for signs that your company is imploding. Get out with the first rats, rather than the ones that go down with the sinking ship.

The 9 Free Email Marketing Templates You Need to Execute Everything - CoSchedule Blog

The 9 Free Email Marketing Templates You Need to Execute Everything Blog Email marketing is complex. From planning to execution to measurement, there are tons of things you need to build an effective strategy. Even producing one piece of email content requires several steps. Here’s a short list of line items to create an email newsletter: Ideation. Writing subject lines. Customizing preheader text. Crafting body copy. Design. Adding tracking codes. Editing and review. Selecting email list segments. Scheduling delivery time. Hitting send. Reviewing performance data. Reporting. That’s quite a number of things to take into account, and this is for just one piece. So, it’s a good thing you’ve found this post. In order to help you work as efficiently and effectively as possible, it includes a roundup of nine email marketing templates and other posts you need to learn how to use each one. Plus, it also covers other tools (free and paid), resources, and templates you can use to get everything you need to get  done. The 9 Free Email Marketing Templates You Need to Execute Everything by @Ben_Which Templates Does This Post Include? There’s something here for every step of the process, from planning, to execution, to measurement. Here’s everything you’ll find in the free bundle below: Table of Contents Email Marketing Calendar Template Email Marketing Strategy Template Email Newsletter Template Email Marketing Report Template Email Subject Line Writing Templates Email Subject Line A/B Test Template Welcome Email Newsletter Template 21 Ways to Build an Email List (Guide) Best Email Send Times Guide Download them now, then get the low-down on how to use them. Email Marketing Calendar Template Plan your work, then work your plan. That’s a common mantra heard around the office. There’s a good reason for that, too. It’s easier to work efficiently toward meaningful goals when you’re not frantically scrambling. The best way to plan email marketing is on a calendar. Here are some of the benefits behind using one: Being intentional about what you send. They keep deadlines visible to all team members. Managing delivery times and scheduling. Without a calendar, email marketing often descends into chaos. So, with this template, you can organize: Send dates and times. Email owners. Email type. Target / persona. Source. Buying season. Email list. Lead stories and email content. Here's what you can do with an email marketing calendar:It’s a simple spreadsheet that’s easy to update, too. There are three rows for each month, but it’s easy to edit if you need to plan more emails per month. Start with your send date and time, who’s creating this email, which category it falls under, and which persona or customer segment it targets: Next, fill in the source (which might be a blog post, campaign brief, or anywhere else to find more information about the content this email will promote), buying season (if seasonal buying cycles are relevant), and the name of the email list segment that should receive the email: Finally, list which pieces of content the email will promote. These could be headlines, general ideas, or anything else that’s helpful for indicating each type of content that will be dropped into the newsletter: Recommended Reading: The Best Email Marketing Calendar You Need to Manage Marketing Newsletters Email Marketing Strategy Template Without a strategy, you’re just winging it, and hoping for the best. It’s tough to achieve much  success that way. Even harder to sustain it, too. So, why risk failure when you plan to succeed? While hitting your goals is never guaranteed, developing a sound strategy is an essential starting point. Any type of marketing strategy effectively revolves around four ideas: Who are you trying to reach? How will you try to reach them? What do you want them to do? How will you measure results? Documenting your strategy can dramatically improve your results, too. For evidence, a study found marketers with documented strategies were 538% more likely to be successful. Using the PowerPoint-based template in this post, you’ll start by identifying your target audience: Next, you’ll figure out ways to build your email list: That list will then need to be broken into specific audience segments: Then, you’ll plan your execution and schedule: And what you’ll measure to gauge success: Recommended Reading: The Best Way to Organize an Effective Email Marketing Strategy Email Newsletter Template Your email copy needs to be clean, crisp, and persuasive. It also helps to keep your content organized and easy to edit. Handing off a Word doc to an editor is easier for review purposes than immediately writing directly into an email editor. This template includes everything you need to document the following: Subject line options. Preheader text. Intro copy. Lead story content blocks. Call to action. Those are all the elements included in most email newsletters, but since the template is a simple Word doc, it’s easy enough to edit to fit your needs. Recommended Reading: How to Create Awesome Internal Company Newsletters That Actually Get Read Email Marketing Report Template Marketing without measurement is a fool’s errand. You need to know which actions produced which results. More than this, though, you also need to be able to explain how you made an impact to your company and your clients. If you can make that data look appealing and easy to understand, so much the better. That’s what this template is intended to help you achieve. It’s a well-designed PowerPoint deck that makes it easy to present data and numbers in a way that isn’t super dry. Recommended Reading: Email Marketing Analytics: How to Measure and Report on the Most Important Metrics Email Subject Line Template Without a good subject line, nothing else in your email matters. However, writing them well is easier said than done. If you need a spark of inspiration, these fill-in the-blank templates should help: Then, you can score your subject lines using ’s free Email Subject Line Tester: Recommended Reading: Everything You Need to Know About Writing Awesome Email Subject Lines Email Subject Line A/B Testing Template Now, writing subject lines is an art. One of the best ways to improve your skills is to A/B test subject lines. Over time, this will help you understand what works best with your audience. Most email service providers have built-in A/B testing functionality: MailChimp Campaign Monitor ActiveCampaign Constant Contact Then, use the template to track your results: Recommended Reading: How to Make an Email Newsletter Your Customers Love Welcome Email Newsletter Template What’s the first thing your new subscribers see when they sign up for your email newsletter? If it’s not a well-written welcome email, you might be missing out on an opportunity to retain more subscribers, and convert more customers. With this template, you’ll be able to craft effective welcome copy that makes a warm introduction. To put it to full use, check out Scott Cohen’s blog post on writing them, and follow the great examples curated by Michael Quoc in this post, too. Email List Building Guide Before you can succeed with email marketing, you need to have a list. After all, without recipients, an email newsletter is worth much. But, how do you start building a list? Fortunately, there are tons of ways to start building email contacts before you have a list going. And that’s exactly what this brief PDF guide will help you get started with. Recommended Reading: 21+ Easy Ways to Build an Email List That Will Skyrocket By 140% in a Year Best Email Send Times (Guide) Every time you send an email, you want to make sure you’ve optimized every variable to tilt the odds of success in your favor. One simple factor you can control is your email delivery times. According to curated data from 10 different studies, here are the best days to send email: And the best times: So, this is what curated research shows. But, how do you determine what works best for you? That’s where this free PDF guide comes in, included in your template bundle. It’ll walk you through how to use your own data, to help determine your own email schedule: Recommended Reading: What 10 Studies Say About the Best Time to Send Email Other Places to Find Email Templates So far, you’ve seen all the templates the team has built to make email marketing easier. But, what if you need something that’s not listed here? Don’t worry, check out these other resources. Campaign Monitor If you’re a Campaign Monitor customer, they’ve made tons of templates available that you can use to quickly create your email newsletter. Envato Templates for MailChimp MailChimp is massively popular, and lots of third parties have built templates that work on the platform. ActiveCampaign ActiveCampaign offers a robust marketing automation platform that includes an effective email platform. If you’re a customer, you may have seen their complete lineup of templates, too: Theme Forest Constant Contact customers aren’t left out here, either. The folks at ThemeForest have several paid templates available for the platform (as well as others): Recommended Reading: The Best Email Marketing Sending Frequency Backed By 20 Studies 3 Sources for HTML Email Templates Modern email marketing platforms make it easy to create marketing emails without needing to learn code. But, what if you’re old-school and prefer hard-coded HTML? There are plenty of sources to find helpful templates for you, too. Raw HTML emails do still offer some advantages some marketers like, such as design flexibility and editability. If this type of template is what you’re after, check out the following places. ColorLib Making HTML emails mobile-friendly and responsive can be tough. These 25 templates, frameworks, and layouts meet both of those criteria. Litmus The team at Litmus knows email marketing inside and out. Naturally, they have an array of templates available for creating different types of email content. What’s great about theirs is how they’re organized by industry and use case: HTMLEmail.io These HTML email templates are compatible with most major email service providers, and they’re responsive too. Keep in mind they aren’t free, though ($49 for a single client license, or $299 for an unlimited license). The lineup of compatible ESPs these templates work with includes several familiar logos: Recommended Reading: Get Inspired Now With 21 Examples of Awesome Email Marketing Keep Email Marketing Organized With Before you go, take a minute to check out . It’s an industry-favorite marketing calendar platform, and it now integrates with popular email service providers  to keep all your email marketing organized (alongside all your other projects). With , you can: Integrate your marketing calendar with your email service provider: See deadlines and publish dates for every email: Add email content on your calendar and get visibility into everything, all in one place. Manage your email marketing process: With Task Templates and Discussion Threads, you can easily collaborate with your team and manage workflows more productively. Start your free trial now and get 14 days free. Go Put Your Templates to Use Now that you have tons of different resources available, it’s time to get down to work. Here’s a quick recap of what you’ve just read: You’ve downloaded your free template bundle. Then, you’ve gotten a brief summary on each post explaining how to use each one. Finally, you took a look at other sources for more templates you might need. Hopefully, this will all help make doing better email marketing, easier. Best of luck.

Franchisors Do Not Like to Take on 'Entrepreneurs' as Franchisees Essay

Franchisors Do Not Like to Take on 'Entrepreneurs' as Franchisees - Essay Example Global business environment is becoming highly volatile due to constant change in global economic and political environment. It is true that the franchisors are becoming more selective in the adoption of franchisees due to volatile global economic and political environment. Franchisors generally scrutinize each and every aspect before providing franchise as the growth rate of global economy is slowing down.Both franchisors and franchisees get benefits from each from this franchising business. It is quite difficult for a multinational organization to enter into a new global market and starts to make profit from the initial point of time. First, they make the local people aware about their presence in that market. Therefore, the multinational organizations used to find franchisees that can start a new franchisee business with the help of familiarity of the brand name of the franchisor in global market places. In addition to this, knowledge about local market trend and demand helps the franchisee owners to develop a potential client base. Despite all of these things, it can be stated that the franchisees cannot be termed as individual entrepreneurs. There are several reasons and examples to prove this statement. Women who are into their own business, most of them are seen as franchisee rather than entrepreneurship. According to current business environment urban women are more preferable with franchising whereas rural women can be seen as value added enterprising. Joining franchisee by women has been increasing day by day which does not indicates that they are with less potential to come up with any value added business by their own. It is just because women are less likely to be trying for doing everything from start-up by their own as an entrepreneurship. Therefore, they like to run an established or running business which a franchisor can provide for those women who are not from business family. Therefore, today’s women entrepreneurship stands mainly on franchisee business where there is zero value addition by themselves as any entrepreneur. Hence, the statement is very true in this case (Webber, 2013, p.71-76).  

Conflict Management Styles Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conflict Management Styles - Term Paper Example Additionally, this paper explains how conflict management relates to my effectiveness as a leader. An example of a conflict I have handled effectively involved a disagreement between two nurses. The two nurse had different views on how a certain case involving a patient could be handled. As each one of the nurse considered their contribution as superior, a verbal exchange arose. In handling this conflict, I encouraged the two nurses to collaborate in this case. In other words, I advised the two nurses to set their original suggestion regarding how the case would be handled aside and subsequently directed them to work together to decide on a common objective. The results to this approach were positive and in fact led to the overall improvement and advancement of the process of care within the health care institution. This collaboration ensured teamwork, encouraged communication, and hence nurses were overly motivated in their work. If such a conflict would arise for a second time, I would opt for the same approach to conflict management. However, there are ways or steps I would take in a bid to improve my comfort level and skill for managing in the future. One of the steps in engaging in dialogue or discussions with employees. Johansen (2012) brings forward the fact that "Nursing leaders and direct care nurses need to engage in dialogues that address conflict management behavior as a first step in creating a healthy work environment" (p. 52). Effective dialogues ensures conflicts are handled effectively as avoiding them would elevate stress levels among nurses as well as among other stakeholders. Secondly, I would ensure regular trainings and seminars where all employees would be trained on how to effectively manage conflicts within the workplace. Subsequently, it would also be important to identify potential conflict areas and implement strategies that would avert any conflicts from

Wal-Mart Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Wal-Mart - Research Paper Example The competitors were using television advertisements to reach their customers, which was not effective because it was expensive. Wal-Mart obtained time in the television to display their products and to feature them at the low prices that make them very reputable (Soderquist, 2005). This worked because the customers knew the whole range of products and their prices when going to shop in Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart is very popular amongst the low and middle-class income earners. Wal-Mart targets the blue collar and the middle class shoppers who are not used to frequenting the big malls (Soderquist, 2005). This is because of the low prices that they offer to this group of people. Wal-Mart has opened up many outlets including in areas that are normally ignored by other retailers. It is also estimated that approximately quarter of those who frequent Wal-Mart do not have credit cards and are limited to using cash. This is a clear indication that most of the customers who frequent Wal-Mart are the low and middle-income earners. Wal-Mart is also the biggest shopping entity with more than 4,000 stores worldwide, which is twice more than the next competitors have. Wal-Mart, therefore, targets the people with limited financial abilities and those in remote areas whereas most of the competition seeks to impress the upper class members of the society (Blanchard, 2005). What image do they want to convey? Wal-Mart intends to show that it is possible to sell goods cheaply by reducing the costs of production. How do they attempt to position themselves in the minds of consumers in the market? Wal-Mart has positioned itself as the leading retailer in the industry. The low prices that they offer to consumers and ease of accessibility to the consumers are the factors that have made them to be the biggest retailer worldwide. What is their current image in the industry and in the minds of consumers? Most of the consumers

Mitigation and risk reduction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mitigation and risk reduction - Essay Example This paper deals with the disaster mitigations in the country of Japan which is considered as one of the most technologically-advanced and most-prepared nations in the world today. The world has seen the triple horrors of the strong earthquake, tsunami and nuclear crisis it currently faces. Discussion There are many ways to mitigate the adverse effects of a disaster if and when it strikes. A few of these measures include laws on zoning ordinances and strict building codes. We can see that in Japan, these were mostly followed because most tall buildings in Japan were built on solid ground and further, were designed and constructed to withstand strong earthquakes. A 9.0 strong earthquake that hit the country last March 11 showed its high level of preparations and a building code that was implemented properly because very few buildings toppled during the earthquake. It can be said that most of the casualties were the result of the subsequent tsunami that hit eastern parts of Japan facin g the Pacific Ocean. The local population is also very well informed.

Entrepreneurship in Dilemma Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Entrepreneurship in Dilemma - Dissertation Example However, not all countries are willing to adopt the principles of freedom, trade, and business development. Nigeria does not have a rich history of business development and entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, the Nigerian President sets a challenging task to make Nigeria one of the world’s leading economies by 2020. Needless to say, entrepreneurship will play one of the key roles in the economic and social development in the country. This is one of the reasons why the factors of accountability and governance in the small business sector in Nigeria require detailed analysis. Aims and objectives The key question for the proposed study is What Implications Do Accountability and Governance Have for the Future Nationwide Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria? The key research objectives include: To define and explore the concepts of accountability and governance; To understand and explain the implications of governance and accountability for entrepreneurship; To discuss and evaluate the current state of entrepreneurship in Nigeria; To find out and estimate the prospects of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria until 2020; To explain how accountability and governance can serve the needs of the future entrepreneurship development in Nigeria; To provide recommendations for the future research. Literature Review The current state of literature provides abundant information about accountability and governance in entrepreneurship but leaves little room to the discussion of entrepreneurship in Nigeria (Switzer, LN & Tang, M 2009). Globalization and the following integration of national markets generate great chances for the fast development of business and entrepreneurship in all parts of the world. Nevertheless, not all states are ready to change their principles of freedom, trade, and business development (Switzer, LN & Tang, M 2009). Many of them, especially developing countries meet a lot of difficulties on this way. However, it is possible to create a general p icture of entrepreneurship in the African continent and estimate its prospects for the future. It should be noted, that governance and accountability are among the most popular, essential and widely discussed topics of scholarly analysis. The reasons for this are numerous and varied. First and foremost, governance provides a multitude of effects on strategic decisions in entrepreneurship (LeBreton-Miller & Miller 2008). According to LeBreton-Miller and Miller (2008), small and medium enterprises that operate in the context of personal ownership are entirely distinct from those that are owned by diffuse stakeholders. Governance also affects manager-owner agency costs and bears heavy consequences on the quality of strategic outcomes (LeBreton-Miller & Miller 2008). Second, governance is essentially about power, and when globalization adds pressures on entrepreneurs, governance becomes an object of business and professional scrutiny (Verhezen & Morse 2009). As of today, governance ofte n serves the source of competitive advantage for firms, and pressures for improved governance challenge the established status quo in entrepreneurship (Verhezen & Morse 2009). Ultimately, governance has much to do with the value of firms: Switzer and Tang (2009) suggest that endogenous governance mechanisms constantly interact. Eventually, governance and accountability have far-reaching implications for policymaking in business and entrepreneurship (Bhasin 2010). Much has been written and said about

The social and political structure of the Safavid Empire Essay

The social and political structure of the Safavid Empire - Essay Example The article analyses the differences and similarities between the two early empires. Among the most evident similarities included their cultures, the author portrays cultural similarities in the attire of the people from the two early societies. Firstly, both were empires thus had definite prides they wished to safeguard. The two societies built houses in similar structures and designs and even habited the same region, the expansive Middle East. The two societies thus often interacted through various means including warfare since they were neighbors. In one of such wars, the Ottoman won thus gaining greater influence over the Safavid. The victory earned the Ottoman Empire numerous commercial rights to trade with other neighboring communities as it quelled the volatility in the region for some time. Among other additional similarities in the two empires included the similarity in faith, both the empires ascribed to the Islamic faith thus had similar religious structures, which also in fluenced the leadership of both the societies as the religious leaders had influence in the governance of the Islamic societies. The history of the life and accomplishments of Mehed the second The royal history of Mehed the conqueror begins with the return of his father, Sultan Murad to the throne. By abducing the throne, Murad earned his son Mehed the throne through inheritance thus paving the way for the life and success of one of the greatest conquerors of the time. Mehed ascended into power with the death of his father on 18 February 1451. As a legitimate ruler, Mehed could now formulate and implement his own policies. Among his fundamental fantasies was conquering Istanbul. He therefore invested a lot of time and resources in planning his inversion and conquest of the region that would earn him exclusive commercial rights and influence. He therefore constructed the fortress of Bogaz-Kesen, which would facilitate the attack on Istanbul. He thereafter invaded and conquered Istanbul successfully thus earning the control of the commercial hub and ordered its reconstruction as part of his new territory. The s uccessful inversion of Istanbul motivated the empire into other successive inversions including the capture of Enoz, Tasoz and Serbia thus making Mehed one of the greatest conquerors. The poetry of Shah Ismali the first Shah Ismali possessed poetic talent, which he utilized in the composition of numerous verses most of which are stored in museums in Britain. As an early poet, the Shah wrote in the native divan language, a language spoken in the southern Turkey. He wrote poems exclusively on Turkey. He received great inspiration from his friend and colleague Sultan Selim who on the other wrote exclusively on Persia. His works just as any other contemporary poetry covered such features of the society as culture, politics and the

Mitigation and risk reduction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mitigation and risk reduction - Essay Example This paper deals with the disaster mitigations in the country of Japan which is considered as one of the most technologically-advanced and most-prepared nations in the world today. The world has seen the triple horrors of the strong earthquake, tsunami and nuclear crisis it currently faces. Discussion There are many ways to mitigate the adverse effects of a disaster if and when it strikes. A few of these measures include laws on zoning ordinances and strict building codes. We can see that in Japan, these were mostly followed because most tall buildings in Japan were built on solid ground and further, were designed and constructed to withstand strong earthquakes. A 9.0 strong earthquake that hit the country last March 11 showed its high level of preparations and a building code that was implemented properly because very few buildings toppled during the earthquake. It can be said that most of the casualties were the result of the subsequent tsunami that hit eastern parts of Japan facin g the Pacific Ocean. The local population is also very well informed.

The social and political structure of the Safavid Empire Essay

The social and political structure of the Safavid Empire - Essay Example The article analyses the differences and similarities between the two early empires. Among the most evident similarities included their cultures, the author portrays cultural similarities in the attire of the people from the two early societies. Firstly, both were empires thus had definite prides they wished to safeguard. The two societies built houses in similar structures and designs and even habited the same region, the expansive Middle East. The two societies thus often interacted through various means including warfare since they were neighbors. In one of such wars, the Ottoman won thus gaining greater influence over the Safavid. The victory earned the Ottoman Empire numerous commercial rights to trade with other neighboring communities as it quelled the volatility in the region for some time. Among other additional similarities in the two empires included the similarity in faith, both the empires ascribed to the Islamic faith thus had similar religious structures, which also in fluenced the leadership of both the societies as the religious leaders had influence in the governance of the Islamic societies. The history of the life and accomplishments of Mehed the second The royal history of Mehed the conqueror begins with the return of his father, Sultan Murad to the throne. By abducing the throne, Murad earned his son Mehed the throne through inheritance thus paving the way for the life and success of one of the greatest conquerors of the time. Mehed ascended into power with the death of his father on 18 February 1451. As a legitimate ruler, Mehed could now formulate and implement his own policies. Among his fundamental fantasies was conquering Istanbul. He therefore invested a lot of time and resources in planning his inversion and conquest of the region that would earn him exclusive commercial rights and influence. He therefore constructed the fortress of Bogaz-Kesen, which would facilitate the attack on Istanbul. He thereafter invaded and conquered Istanbul successfully thus earning the control of the commercial hub and ordered its reconstruction as part of his new territory. The s uccessful inversion of Istanbul motivated the empire into other successive inversions including the capture of Enoz, Tasoz and Serbia thus making Mehed one of the greatest conquerors. The poetry of Shah Ismali the first Shah Ismali possessed poetic talent, which he utilized in the composition of numerous verses most of which are stored in museums in Britain. As an early poet, the Shah wrote in the native divan language, a language spoken in the southern Turkey. He wrote poems exclusively on Turkey. He received great inspiration from his friend and colleague Sultan Selim who on the other wrote exclusively on Persia. His works just as any other contemporary poetry covered such features of the society as culture, politics and the

Library System Essay Example for Free

Library System Essay 2. When the computer introduced to the people before, some of them doubt the efficacy and some just ignored it. The computer is one of the products of the technology. Nowadays the technology has always new innovation to cope up with the people’s everyday activities. Today we used the computer as part of our daily activities to support our needs for the computation purposes, communications, recording transactions and other things that we will need the computer’s help. Having this machine make our work efficiently and effectively, this make our work faster and less time of doing manual routines just to have an output for our work. Now, Information management is the systems and techniques involved in effectively compiling and manipulating useful data. These is used for all the systems for providing an accuracy and recording data in order for easy reviewing and retrieval. In the field of academe, The Library Information System is in need with these for them to have a reliable and accurate data. Table of Content Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Project Context. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Purpose and Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Scope and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 Review of Related Literature/system . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8 Technical Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 List of Figures, List of Tables, List of Notations . . . 9-12 Introduction Schools set the various pedagogical changes to achieve the current level of education in our country. Because of the growing numbers of computer users, this became an effective medium to demonstrate the knowledge and skills of the students. From the traditional searching process for the books in the libraries, the interactive usage of computers can be now addressed as part of the library system. Project Context The system will be more helpful the university’s library. This will be more efficient in doing the task in a specific time. The system will be used by the librarian for inventory, recording and other purposes for keeping the information in the library. For them to keep track of their records. The system will interact to the accounting system of the university, for payment purposes of the borrowed books that have a penalty for not returned in a given period. The users of this system will interact to this system by scanning the barcode of the books for inventory and borrowing. Encoding of the description of the books for newly acquired books, and the cataloging of the books. 1 Purpose and Description UNC-LIS is the automation of all data and transactions within the library, it will handle all the information’s and data in the library of the university. The UNL-LIS is an application that allows for the retrieval of metadata of books available in a library data store. The user allows using barcode scanner for inventory the library assets and borrowing of books for easy retrieval of datas. A UNC-LIS for a university keeps track of all unreturned books and periodicals in the library and their check-out status. Checkout and return are automated through a bar code scanner (an external device). The library system also interfaces with an external relational database which stores information about the library users (students and stuff), including whether they have any library items checked out. . Library users can access the catalog and recall books and periodicals. As well as additional capabilities the system can easily generate reports such as listing of unreturned books, borrowed books, students that secured library card and listing of current books.

Addition to Pain Medication: Causes, Effects and Treatments

Addition to Pain Medication: Causes, Effects and Treatments Pain Medication Addictions Angelia Holland People are going to the doctor when they are nothing wrong with them to get a prescription for pain pills. People are getting more and more addicted to prescription pain pills. When doctors do not prescribe them a prescription because they suspect that are abusing the pills, then they will buy them for someone. These pills will not stop when they have an addiction sometime they abuse it so bad that they overdose because they mix pills together and do not know the outcome will be. However, pain pills misuse is a common thing now then it was in the past. No one decides to get addicted to prescription pain pills. Alienating family and friends, failing at work, and launching a small-time criminal career arent what anyone plans on when they swallow their first pain pill. One in five Americans report misusing a prescription drug at least once in their lifetime, but the overwhelming majority put the pills away with no lasting harm. So how does prescription painkiller abuse progress to full-blown opioid addiction? It typically starts with a visit to the doctor for a backache or to dull pain after surgery, an accident or a sports injury. It ends with addiction. Misuse of prescription painkillers is on the rise, and experts say increasingly, its killing us (Shamus, 2013). Healthcare providers have long wrestled with how best to treat patients who suffer from chronic pain, roughly 116 million in this country. No special training, skill, effort or techniques are required for pain management when using narcotic painkillers. You simply take a pill and soon afterward, the pain you were feeling is reduced or eliminated. The fact that these painkillers work well with little effort makes them the first choice for pain management for many people. Rather than exploring other ways of managing pain, which take effort and may not eliminate pain to the same extent as the painkillers, people reach for the pill bottle each time pain relief is required. The ease of use and effectiveness it brings may lead some to reach for the drugs more often than is safe or necessary. While it may not be the first reason that people take such painkillers, most notice that while they are under the influence of these drugs, they are distanced from their emotional pain. Painful emotions are a part of everyday life for all of us, but often we can manage these feelings on our own or with professional help, such as counseling. However, people in physical pain have often suffered emotional trauma and are more vulnerable to the attractions of a pill that just makes it all go away. Over time, people come to depend on their prescription painkillers to manage their negative emotions. Painkillers can be pleasurable. Opioids, in particular, have a side effect of euphoria. This is similar to the pleasure felt when you have been successful or after intense physical excitement, but it requires no such effort to attain. As people who are in pain have typically suffered an unpleasant experience that caused the pain, the pleasurable effects of these painkillers can seem like a delightful surprise. Seeking repeated experiences of pleasure through the addictive behavior or substance is one of the hallmarks of addiction. People with physical pain are often very tense. Because many painkillers, such as Demerol, induce physical relaxation, they can provide welcome relief from tension while under the influence. After a while, people can come to rely on painkillers that have this effect to provide relief from tension and the added pain that tension causes. Tolerance builds up quickly. Opioids can quickly cause tolerance to occur. As a result, people who regularly take these painkillers find that they need to take higher and higher dosages of the drug they are on in order to get the same effect. In addition to physical tolerance, people develop psychological tolerance as they become desensitized to the effects of the drug. Tolerance is one of the key signs that addiction is developing. Often, people who are becoming addicted to narcotic painkillers believe they need more of the drug because their pain is getting worse. But the worsening is often a result of the painkiller use itself. The ups and downs of a developing addiction because physical behaviors such as overuse of an injured part of the body, poor posture resulting from a lack of sensation when in positions that would otherwise be uncomfortable, and a lack of moderate exercise that would otherwise strengthen the weakened area (Hartney, 2011). Instead of correcting these bad habits, the person will often just take more painkillers, creating a vicious cycle of physical neglect being concealed by the effects of the drugs. As people become addicted to painkillers, they experience withdrawal when the drug wears off. Withdrawal is very unpleasant, and it often feels like an intensifying of the very symptoms the person was trying to escape through taking the painkillers. Pain, digestive problems and feelings of being generally unwell are common. As soon as the drug is taken, the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms disappear, and the person feels relieved of pain, relaxed, and free of tension and emotional distress. Over time, the person will choose to manage withdrawal symptoms through regularly taking more painkillers, sometimes without even realizing the withdrawal symptoms are caused by the drug itself (Hartney, 2011). The physical signs of addiction. Many times, painkiller addicts do not recognize the signs of their addiction until their behavior is pointed out to them. Painkillers can cause slurred speech and depression that they often attribute to other causes. Other physical symptoms of painkiller addiction include the inability to concentrate, lack of coordination and dizziness. Health care providers often recognize the symptoms because of declining blood pressure levels and slow, labored breathing. Narcotic painkillers also produce constipation. In addition to the obvious physical signs that result in unusual behavior, people who are addicted to painkillers begin to exhibit other behaviors inconsistent with their usual habits. Students often begin to find more reasons to stay home from school and start to receive falling grades. Lethargy and reduced energy levels are very common to painkiller addicts and are especially notable when they were previously considered active and enjoyed physical activities. Appearance becomes less important to addicts, and they may begin to have money troubles that lead them to ask for loans and get behind in their bills. As a painkiller addict withdraws from the drugs, the signs of addiction become more apparent. The National Institutes of Health reports that withdrawal from opioid painkillers brings on bone aches, chills, insomnia, diarrhea and vomiting. Involuntary leg movements, restlessness and muscle pain also may be present. People withdrawing from painkillers should be medically supervised during the first few days of treatment because the symptoms can be life threatening. Withdrawal from sedatives and tranquilizers can cause convulsions. Before taking pain medications, do your research Miotto of WebMD explains: â€Å"Weigh Your Risk Factors A history of addiction to prescription medicine or illicit drugs. Addiction to alcohol or tobacco. Family history of addiction. A history of mood disorders (such as depression or bipolar disorder), anxiety disorders (including PTSD), thought disorders (such as schizophrenia), and personality disorders (such as borderline personality disorder). Look at Other Options Physical therapy. Working with a psychologist to learn how to change your pain-related thoughts and behaviors. Alternative approaches such as acupuncture and tai chi. Those methods arent just for people who are at high risk for addiction. Theyre part of an overall pain management strategy that may include, but is not limited to, medications. Use the Medication for Its Proper Purpose If your doctor writes you a prescription that makes your pain more tolerable, and youre using it as directed, thats OK. But if youre using it for some other reason that your doctor doesnt know about, thats a red flag. For example, if you hate your job and youre taking the drug because you find it takes the edge off, thats a sign that you could develop a problem, says Karen Miotto, MD, an addiction psychiatrist at UCLA. Here are four warning signs that you may be misusing your prescription painkiller: Youre not taking the drug as prescribed. Youre taking the medicine for reasons other than why the doctor prescribed it. Your use of the drug has made you miss work or school, neglect your children, or suffer other harmful consequences. You havent been honest (with your doctor, loved ones, or yourself) about your use of the drug. Your doctor should work with you to limit addiction risk. She may ask you about how youre doing, give you a urine test to check for medication, and ask you to bring in all your medications so she can check how many are left and where the prescriptions came from. â€Å"If you feel like youre losing control over your pain medicine use, or if you have questions about whether youre becoming addicted to it, you may want to consult a doctor who specializes in pain medicine. He or she should listen to your concerns without judgment and take a reasoned approach. For instance, if she thinks you need to get off a certain drug, she might look into switching you to another drug with less potential for misuse. If your doctor isnt comfortable handling your situation, consider getting a second opinion from a psychiatrist or addiction specialist,† Miotto says. Pain-relieving drugs can lead to problems other than addiction. Keep opiates locked away so kids, teens, and others in your home cant take them. And be extra-cautious using other prescription and over-the-counter drugs along with opiates. Certain combinations could cause you to become unconscious, stop breathing, and even die (Miotto, 2012). Thousands of Americans rely on prescription painkillers for the relief of pain and discomfort from ailments such as headaches, menstrual cramps, surgery recovery or lingering pain from an injury. Unfortunately however, for many, this reliance on medication can easily and unknowingly turn into physical dependence. The scary fact is that the most commonly prescribed drugs including OxyContin, Vicodin, Methadone, Darvocet, Lortab, Lorcet and Percocet, while offering relief from pain, can also cause individuals bodies to start needing the drugs in order to feel normal, and the result is the new, even more challenging situation of chemical dependency Prescriptions to pain medication can be safe when taken according to the doctors instructions and are carefully monitored. However, it is important to recognize that they can also be very dangerous. Remember that dependency is a disease that can exhibit itself to even the most cautious individual. Therefore, anyone who is prescribed pain medications should take extra precautions to avoid the debilitating effects a dependency can have and watch for the warning signs (Bernstein, 2013) Celeste Vaughan states it correctly when she describes addiction, â€Å"When addiction takes control, Satan has a wide-open gate to enter and set up residence in your brain. He is the great justifier of all actions. He will provide you with excuses for the actions above to make you deny your addiction. The thoughts that you used to control now have a new pilot behind the wheel. And a sneaky one at that. If you do consider getting help, he will get inside your head and tell you all kinds of horrible things. Thinks like†¦No one will understand. Everyone will thing you’re weak. Friends will ever trust you again. Your husband will want a divorce. Your kids will be ashamed of you. And the worst one of all†¦If God truly loves you, he wouldn’t have let you get into this mess in the first place†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. You are on a journey — possibly the most difficult of your life. Don’t let anyone tell you that addiction is impossible to overcome. I’m p roof it’s completely possible. After all, with God, all things are possible.† The disease of addiction affects over 23 million Americans. It is a disease that has no cure, and that, as a society, we have just begun to understand. Help fight the stigma that an addict faces by learning all you can about this disease and its affects. The physical aspects of opioid dependency improve after detox. But psychological addiction, temptation, and craving can last for years, even a lifetime. The truth is, most people will relapse on their way to full recovery from prescription drug addiction (Johnson, 2012). Staying on the path to health takes patience, loving relationships, and emotional resilience. People in drug abuse recovery need all the help they can get. Fortunately, tools and resources are available to help someone stay straight, and to pick them up if they stumble. â€Å"Consider it pure joy, my brothers and sisters, whenever you face trials of many kinds, because you know that the testing of your faith produces perseverance. Let perseverance finish its work so that you may be mature and complete, not lacking anything.† (James 1:2-4 NIV) References Clifford M.D., of The Waismann Institute. 10/6/2003. Retrieved from http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24572 Hartney, Elizabeth PhD. February 20, 2011. Retrieved from http://addictions.about.com/od/substancedependence/tp/painkillers.htm Johnson, Kimball, MD. August 02, 2012. Maintaining Hope and Health during Drug Abuse Recovery. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/drug-abuse-recovery-maintaining-hope-and-health?page=2 Miotto, Karen, MD, professor of psychiatry and bio behavioral sciences, UCLA.. 2012. Pain Medication: Are You Addicted? What to know about becoming addicted to pain medications. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/features/pain-medication-addiction?page=2 Shamus, Kristen Jordan. October 20, 2013. Pain pills can be prescriptions for addiction, death. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/10/20/painkiller-overdoses-addiction/3107879/ Vaughan, Celeste. November 5, 2012. Biblical Christian help for drug addiction. Retrieved from http://drug.addictionblog.org/biblical-christian-help-for-drug-addiction/

Poes The Masque (Mask) of the Red Death :: Mask Masque Red Death Essays

The Masque of Red Death People don't really have that much in common, but they do have one big thing in common, that is death. Death is the one thing that no one can stop. The short story "The Masque of Red Death," by Edger Allen Poe shows how that statement is true. Poe was a man who had had many experiences with a disease that killed many people in his life, in his story "The Masque of Red Death," he uses a lot of symbolic messages to express his views and feelings on that disease. Edger Allan Poe stated out with a home life that wasn't very stable. His blood father left when Poe was about one. His mother was an actress that moved Poe's sister, brother , and himself around a lot. Then when he was three she died of tuberculoses. After his mothers death Poe was separated from his sister and brother. Poe was sent to the Allen family. Then when Poe was in his early twenties Mrs. Allen also died of tuberculoses. At the age of twenty-six Poe married his cousin Virginia. She later died of tuberculoses. His brother died of tuberculoses also. In "The Masque of Red Death," Poe uses color as a symbol. He used the colors red, blue, purple, green, orange, white, violet, and black. In the story red stand for the death that comes over everyone in the story. In Poe's life it stands for the diseases that has killed everyone important to him, tuberculoses. Blue is the color of the first room, in Poe's life it is supposed to be him. The second room in the story is the color purple, this color is for Poe's mother. Then there is a green room, this room is for his brother. There was also an orange room for Poe's foster mother, Mrs. Allan. The white room was for his wife Virginia, and the violet room for her death. Last there was the black room, which was for Poe's death. What is time? Is time something that people just made up ? Poe seems to think that it means life. In the story a clock symbolizes life. In the story every time the clock would time the hour the party would stop,

My Goals as a Teacher :: Education Teachers Teaching Essays

My Goals as a Teacher A teacher is not what I have always wanted to be. As a matter of fact, it wasn't until I had taken several of my general studies classes that I made a commitment to teach. Having played football through middle school and high school, I just assumed that whatever I did would have to be related to football. It was, however, during a time of reflection that I thought about a former football coach and the rapport that he had with me and other players. He wanted to bring out the best in each of us. It was then that I realized that I wanted to do the same. As a teacher, I would strive for a classroom that would be conducive to learning. I feel that linear seating allows for more structure in the classroom. However, interest should be stimulated by the display of attractive bulletin boards that are pertinent to the material being taught. The use of supplemental materials such as videos and computers are a must in educational programs. In today`s society everything moves rather quickly and the future generations must be able to keep pace. The world is at our fingertips through these devices. I would also assign projects to reinforce learning. This, of course, would depend on the ability of the groups being taught. I feel comfortable using an authoritarian type of instruction, although there will be times to use non-authoritarian types as well. I believe that the type of students that a teacher has in his/her classroom determines much of their teaching styles. I prefer seating students in rows rather than a horseshoe. Again, students set the tone for the seating arrangement. This day and time motivation seems to be harder to achieve. The use of homework passes and free time would be used as a form of motivation. Students, young and old, appreciate rewards even if it is only verbal praises. Some form of recognition creates a desire to achieve even more. Notes written by the teacher on returned homework or test papers may give inspiration to a shy student. This is also a way in letting the student know that they are an individual who is capable of achieving great things if they really try. Teaching styles tend to conform to the grade level that is being taught. I prefer being the only one in charge, but I do want my students to be actively involved.

Informative speech about earthquake Essay

Good morning everyone, I am Jialin Yin. Today, I want to talk about the earthquake. In 2008 May 12th, it was the first time that I felt the earthquake which was a 7.8-magnitude earthquake happened in Wenchuan China. At that time, I was a 7th grade student and sit in class room, then, I noticed that the light on the ceiling began to shake slightly. Then, the broadcast news reminds me, that was an earthquake and approximately 70000 people died in this severe natural disaster. During the speech, I will explain the earthquake in geographic view to you. Firstly, for what reason caused the earthquake? Generally, when rocks experience brittle failure, a kind of energy called seismic waves are released from the point of breakage. The seismic waves generated cause the ground shake, creating an earthquake. That point of breakage is called the focus, or hypocenter of the earthquake. A term people might be generally familiar with is epicenter which is the point on the surface of Earth directly above the focus, and the focus is the true center of an earthquake. Secondly, I want to talk about where are earthquake located, the first picture is the plate boundary. You can observe that there are many red dots on the second picture. These red dots represent epicenter of earthquakes that have occurred over the past 50 year. Actually, what you can notice right away is that most of these earthquakes occurred along with the plate boundaries. Moreover, we can also notice is that there are a few earthquakes that occur far away from plate boundaries, these kinds of earthquakes named intra-plate earthquakes. About only five percent of earthquakes that occur each year are intra-plate earthquakes. Look at this chart, here are five columns, they are magnitudes, frequency, description, example and energy release. In fact, from earthquake magnitude 2 to 6, the energy release and damage is not huge. The classes of seismic measure for the modern buildings are 5 to 6. However, if the earthquake magnitude is bigger than 6, the energy release can be destructive even billions dollar loss of life. Let us specify the damage of magnitude 8 and 9. The difference of energy from one magnitude to another is approximately 31 times.

Drama †Blood Brothers Response Essay

Blood brothers is a story which was written in 1981 as a school play and included a range of themes which help the audience understand and feel for the story rather than just watching it. The themes in this play include poverty, innocence, love, games, belief and superstition. I feel that the key themes that control the play are chance and society of the time and I feel that most of the story circles around these themes and most events are caused by these themes. To emphasize the themes in the play, we created a three minute version of the play which consisted of still images, narration and stylised movement. We decided to split the play into four sections which were: baby years, childhood, 14 – 17 years and 20+ years. We decided that we would show the giving away of the baby as this allows the rest of the story to flow. If it wasn’t for this specific scene, the story wouldn’t have happened as the giving away of one twin is a significant event in the play. This also allowed us to add emotion to our piece as this is one of the several events which separate people into two opinions. For the second section (which was childhood) we included images of them first meeting, playing games, both of the mothers separating Mickey and Eddie and Mrs Johnstone giving the locket to Eddie. My group and I felt that these were also important events in the play; in fact one of the main themes in the play is games which relates to the robbery and overall shooting of both twins later on. For 14 -17 years, we decided to show both children being suspended from school, the meet up between friends with the devil narration on top which we thought allowed our piece to flow making it easier to understand. At the last stage, 20+, we performed four still images which included an unemployment scene, Linda’s pregnancy, Eddie and Linda being together and finally the shooting with the second half of the images having the mad man narration over the top: ‘There’s a mad man running round and round You know the devil’s got your number You know he’s right beside you He’s screamin’ deep inside you And someone said he’s callin’ your number up today Today Today TODAY!’ This piece of narration was used in our three minute version of the play as we thought that it summed up a lot of the happenings in this age group and is a constant theme throughout the play. I found that the best way to tell this story within the three minutes was to use different techniques which allowed expressing and stressing of several moments in a play making it more effective. In our three minute version, this included levels, space and marking the moment. One example of these entire three put together was when both boys got expelled. We had the class sitting down at the back while the teacher was standing up straight looking down on one pupil who was higher than the class but lower than the teacher. This made use of levels, space and also marked the moment by focusing on the locket. We decided to make the giving away of the baby the most significant point in the play. This is because the whole of the story centres on this point, and if it wasn’t for this event, none of the other events would have happened. To mark this moment, we used narration which was originally placed over the point where Mrs Johnstone was only considering giving the baby to Mrs Lyons. ‘How quickly and idea, planted, can Take root and grow into a plan. The thought conceived in this very room Grew as surely as a seed, in a mother’s womb’ This piece of narration allowed us to realise how the event they are seeing came into being. We found that forum theatre was a very useful technique to bring Mickey’s monologue to life. Forum theatre was used to change the way we said lines and how to put expression, feeling and life to the lines which in turn make the monologue a lot more vibrant and interesting. The way we performed forum theatre was to have someone acting out a verse of the poem. We then got the audience to comment and suggest improvements. We then acted the verse out again and repeated the process until we were happy with it. Below is the verse we performed. ‘Y’ know our Sammy, He draws nudey women, Without arms, or legs or even heads In the baths, when he goes swimmin’. But I’m not allowed to go to the baths, Me Mam says I have to wait, ‘Cos I might get drowned, ‘cos I’m only seven, But I’m not, I’m nearly eight.’ We started off with the beginning of the verse being said in a very secretive way although it was put in the category of secret in a child which meant that it had to be told; something I had felt many a time when I was a young child which also meant my body was slightly crouched and slightly tense. I used the same experience to ‘goggle’ at what Sammy was able to do when he went swimming. Then disappointment kicks in when I hit ‘But I’m not allowed†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ as my voice goes slower and my body slumps and when the mother comes on I re-enact a rather rude hand motion usually used when someone is too talkative while the mother reads her quote. The last line is said in a way of self-pity making the character feel sorry for himself which I have felt many times when I was a young child and feeling as if my parents were deriving me of all of the world’s pleasures. In this monologue I learnt that Mickey was a character who always wanted more and wanted something someone else had that he hadn’t which is an apparent characteristic of Mickey throughout the play. It also helped me realise that it was more than just a greedy feeling as the feeling was a lot deeper and it was if the world had forgotten about him but not the others who lived in the world around him. As I said before, forum theatre had helped me find these characteristics as it helped shape what had been written. It was as if there were a lot of muddled thoughts and both me and the audience were helping to piece it together properly so we could both get an idea on how the character was really like and how the character really felt. For individual spontaneous improvisation, I acted as Mrs Johnstone where I was looking at both babies and playing with them as if it were my last time with both of them. Of course, at the time my character would have not known which baby would have been taken and because of this, I acted in a way as if it were the last time for Mrs Johnstone to see both of them. My thought track for this piece was: ‘I can’t believe this is happening’ and it would have been hard to come to terms with something which could potentially change somebody’s life, especially when it is your own son. This decision was both challenged and supported by a technique called a conscience corridor which we used to find the pros and cons of giving the baby away which was then fired to somebody stepping into the shoes of Mrs Johnstone. Feeling the confused and mixed feelings, it gave us a chance to make our own decision as if we were that character. Some pros included having money, less stress, a better life for your son, less work. Some cons included the guilt of your child being bought, splitting up a natural bond given to both children, more stress as you worry and having to cover it up from the outside world. The conscience corridor was put into action by splitting the class in half and putting them up as two sides to create a human ‘corridor’. We then got a member of our class to walk up while each person in the ‘wall’ said the pros and cons. When the person in the middle finishes walking up through the corridor, he/she tells us his/her decision. In this situation, I wrote a diary entry as Mrs Johnstone. I typed my diary entry up below ‘I can’t believe it is happening. So close to the time where one of my beloved babies would be given away to my employer. I am sure that I am doing the right thing – I can’t afford to give them both a good life and Mrs Lyons does want a baby so badly. Even so, I feel I am breaking a natural bond given to them both which makes me unsure on whether I should do it. I am in a situation which I would never wish on any mother.’ Overall, I found that explorative strategies helped us understand Blood Brothers as it allowed us to see what usually are hidden thoughts and feelings of characters. It also allows us to get into character and realise how events and other actions are performed by the character.

INTERNATIONAL ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION Coursework

INTERNATIONAL ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION - Coursework Example Eventually, through the enaction of the Arbitration Act 1996 and through several cases, the arbitration clause was held to survive even if the underlying contract was void or invalid. The details of the evolution of the arbitration clause, with relation to whether it survives the death or invalidity of the underlying contract, is the topic of this submission. Analysis Historically, courts have approached the issue of the separability of arbitration clauses in different ways. In England, the issue of arbitration clauses being separable was decided in such a way that the arbitration clause became another contract term, in the case of Kill v. Hollister in 1746.1 This decision was in accordance with another decision by France different around this same time that was decidedly anti-arbitration. France’s Napoleonic Code outlawed enforcing arbitration clauses. However, the notion of separability evolved in Europe, so that Germany, in the late 19th Century, decided that the law of the arbitration and the law of the contract could be ruled by separate jurisdictions. This is because Germany decided that arbitration clauses were procedural, therefore would be ruled by the law of the forum. The contract itself, being substantive, would be ruled by a different law. Hence, Germany decided that arbitration clauses were separate from the contracts themselves.2 In England, a landmark court decision was seemingly influenced by the German notion of contract and arbitration clause separability. Hamlyn v. Talisker was a House of Lords decision in 1894 that decided that arbitration clauses were governed by separate laws than the contract themselves, and this meant that the law of the arbitration clauses would be governed by the place of arbitration, even though the law of the contract might be a different law than that of the arbitration. Other countries have followed suit, to where â€Å"separability for conflicts of law purposes has been accepted amongst the key arbitratio n countries.† 3Although most countries are in accordance with the notion of contract and arbitration clause separability, they handle the issue in different ways. Some countries allow parties to choose the law of the arbitration clause and the law governing the contract separately, while others â€Å"simply apply by statute the law of the seat to all cases proceeding in their territory.†4 The principle of severability is perfectly illustrated in the case of Mastrobuono v. Shearson Lehman Hutton, Inc., et al., 514 U.S. 52. In that case, the parties entered into an agreement that had an arbitration provision and a choice of law provision. In that case, the arbitration provision stated that the law of Illinois, and the rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, would govern arbitration, and the contract would be governed by the laws in New York. The parties arbitrated the disagreement in Illinois, and the plaintiffs were awarded punitive damages. The problem with this is that New York, which governed the contract, had passed a law that stated that arbitrators may not award punitive damages. Therefore, the defendants appealed the award of punitive damages, stating that, since New York precluded such an award. The United States Supreme Court granted certiorari on the matter because the lower courts were in conflict as to whether contractual choice of law pro

Topic Analysis, Annotated Bibliography, and Research Paper

Topic Analysis, Annotated Bibliography, and - Research Paper Example He argues that the degraded youth express themselves creatively through Hip Hop music. The author’s claim that Hip Hop originated from the neglected and crack-infested inner cities of NY and, thus, cannot be expected to live up to the standards of Middle Class America, will form a critical part of my argument on the origins and influence of Hip Hop. Dimitriadis, Greg. Performing Identity/performing Culture: Hip Hop As Text, Pedagogy, and Lived Practice. New York: P. Lang, 2009. Print. Professor Greg Dimitriadis is an associate professor at SUNY with interests in popular culture and urban education. He critically reflects on Hip Hop’s contemporary currents and the economic, social, and cultural shifts that have influenced and been influenced by commercial Hip Hop. He concludes that these shifts in contemporary currents have a profound influence on Hip Hop fans and adherents. Using Hip Hop historical works to argue that youth fashion their notions of community on Hip Hop ideals, he argues that most urban youth have formed their notions on what America is through the depictions of Hip Hop artists from different regions. This argument will support my claims regarding the influences that Hip Hop has had on young people. Annotated Bibliography Where and how did Hip Hop originate and what influence has it had on contemporary America? Light, Alan. ... The author concludes that Hip Hop arose from aspirations of people who had little in terms of economic and social emancipation. Using vivid reviews by over 50 music and cultural critics, he argues that Hip Hop used the resources that were available to its originators, including microphones, turn tables, old records, and aspirations of success. This argument will support my research into the origins of the Hip Hop art form. Chang, Jeff. Can't Stop, Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2011. Print. Jeff Chang is a journalist and Hip Hop critic with a range of awards for his chronicling of the early rap music scene. He focuses on the effect of youth rebellion on Hip Hop’s origin, concluding that, from its initial origins as an art form, for youth without societal support, Hip Hop has transformed American culture and politics. Based on interviews with early Hip Hop artists, the main argument proposed by the author is that Hip Hop acted as an outlet for young black youth to be heard by the society. This claim is relevant to my take on how and why Hip Hop went from music of the oppressed to the most profitable genre in America today. Brown, Adrienne. "Drive Slow: Rehearing Hip Hop Automotivity." Journal of Popular Music Studies 24.3 (2012): 265–275. Adrienne brown is an assistant professor of English literature and language, specializing in African American and American effects on cultural production in the 20th and 21st century. Her central focus here is the materialistic culture in Hip Hop and its influence on American youth, concluding that, rather than the artists, it is this materialistic culture, which speaks to the audience. The main argument is that, in Hip Hop, materialistic objects like

Business economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business economy - Essay Example An excise tax is defined as a tax imposed on a specific amount per unit of product, and for this reason is sometimes also referred to as a specific tax (Keats & Young, 2005, p. 149). In contrast, there are ad valorem taxes such as sales taxes, which are imposed on the value or price of the product or service. Taxes imposed on â€Å"unhealthy† goods are also called â€Å"sin taxes.† They are usually state-sponsored taxes which legislators readily resort to at times when the government is seen to run a budget deficit and needs to raise funds. The taxpayers rarely protest any imposition or increase of sin taxes, for the reason that the tax is not imposed on the general public but only those who buy the product which is seen as harmful to them, anyway. Sin taxes may either be specific or ad valorem, and are generally imposed on cigarettes or tobacco, liquor, and gambling. (Investopedia, 2009) The price, income and cross-price elasticities of demand as well as the price elasticity of supply all bear on the effectivity of imposing sin taxes. Price elasticity measures changes in demand due to changes in prices of the good, income elasticity the changes in demand due to changes in the buyer’s income, and the cross-price elasticity of demand changes in demand for a good due to a percentage change in the price of a related good. On the other hand, the price elasticity of supply refers to the percentage change in the quantity supplied for a good given the percentage change of price for that same good. These four elasticities are important in the determination of the tax incidence, though those that bear most directly are the price elasticities of demand and supply. This is because different commodities have different responses to increase in prices, and government’s selection of which commodities to tax and how much to tax will determine government revenue. Rose (2003) observes that this was considered by Adam Smith

International Currency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

International Currency - Essay Example However, it is not secret that dozens of countries all over the world including Great Britain define the value of their currencies through a fixed exchange rate with the dollar. Many others, especially in Asia, keep their currencies tightly linked to the U.S. currency (Altman, 2004) Much of the world has come to realize that the dollar's value is steadily being undermined. But few Americans understand that the government along with the Federal Reserve is accomplishing the undermining. And few also realize that the main cause of the continuing failure of the American dollar is federal indebtedness brought on by virtually uncontrolled federal spending. Responding to the vast hole they have dug for all Americans, the US leaders have paid the nation's bills by borrowing from almost every corner of the globe and by creating more currency out of nothing (inflation). According to the statistics from 2006, the YS current-account deficit equals $857 billion that is absorbing the major part of the world's capital outflows. To finance this constant deficit, the United States has accumulated trillions of dollars of foreign debt, depreciating their currency, the dollar, and appreciating other world currencies. Current paper looks at the trends and implications of the "cheap " US dollar and its effects on the world major currencies, emphasis the British pound. Causes of the dollar decline Since the introduction of the euro in 1999, the US experiences severe balance of payments deficits on current account. The biggest deficits were with China and Japan. However, in order to protect their export competitiveness, both China and Japan followed macroeconomic policies that would maintain fixed exchange rates between their currencies and the US dollar. In order to accomplish this result, both China and Japan had to intervene in the foreign exchange market by buying up massive amounts of US dollars while selling corresponding amounts of their own currencies, the Chinese Yuan and the Japanese yen. These purchase showed up as capital inflows into the US. However, as the US continued to maintain historically low interest rates to stimulate its domestic economy, some critics wondered if China and Japan would continue to hold so many US dollars (Eiteman, Stonehill, Moffett 2007). As a result of extensive US exports, the country has become the world's largest debtor, rather than th e world's largest creditor, the position it held in earlier years. Net foreign purchases of US securities have retreated from their peak in 2001, while the US balance of current accounts has worsened, as show in Figure 1. Figure 1: Balance of US current account 1960-2001 According to APF Business news1, the US balance of payments deficit narrowed in the second quarter to 190.8 billion dollars from 197.1 billion in the first quarter, the Commerce Department reported Friday. The US current account figure, roughly in line with analysts' forecasts, represented 5.5 percent of US economic output or gross domestic product. For the first quarter, the current account deficit was revised up to 197.1 billion dollars or 5.8 percent of GDP. The improvement in the current account deficit, the broadest measure of trade and income flows, suggested some easing of balance of paymen